Change management is a systematic approach to dealing with change, both from the perspective of an organisation and on the individual level...Change management has at least three different aspects, including: adapting to change, controlling change, and effecting change... For an organisation, change management means defining and implementing procedures and/or technologies to deal with changes in the business environment and to profit from changing opportunities. (TechTarget, 2007) It can also be described as the practice of administering changes with the help of tested methods and techniques in order to avoid new errors and to minimize the impact of changes. (Microsoft Security Glossary, 2007)

The implementation of a new system brings about major changes in business process and the individual work activities of employees. Organisational change is generally met with resistance by key stakeholders who may prevent or delay the completion of the new system (Brown et al 2005:433).It is the role of the change manager to facilitate the entire transition process.

Organisational change management includes processes and tools for managing the people side of the change at an organisational level. These tools include a structured approach that can be used to effectively transition groups or organisations through change. When combined with an understanding of individual change management, these tools provide a framework for managing the people side of change. (Wikipedia, 2007)

IT technical change management utilises the best practice Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) framework. This is done through managing the ITIL change management life cycle in an IT infrastructure environment, delivering service deliverables to the customer at a high level of professional services incorporating responsibility, accountability, and integrity and quality assurance at all times. (seek.com.au, 19 August 2007) The change manager is responsible for managing all change activities, in particular, business readiness for the transition. (mycareer.com.au, 9 August 2007)

Function

This role offers the opportunity to work in a dynamic team which is responsible for the implementation of the Access Card. The successful applicant will work in close consultation with the Access Card Lead Advisor, Systems Integrator, and the DHS agencies in order to develop a Change Management Readiness Program.

The successful applicant will work closely with the programme office and other teams in the Access Card programme, the Access Card Lead Advisor, key contractors, and the Access Card participating agencies. (DHS, 2007) They will also ensure the change management life cycle is managed from the end to end and ensure all correct approval processes are followed for emergency changes with a minimal impact to the customer.(Seek.com.au, 19 August 2007).

Duties & responsibilities of this role

"Show active and visible support, both privately and professionally,
Ensure that the change remains a priority and demonstrate their commitment as a role model of change,
Provide compelling justification for why the change is happening,
Communicate a clear understanding of the goals and objectives of the change,
Provide sufficient resources for the team and project to be successful," (Prosci (2007), 7 August 2007)
"Coordinate business change impact analysis for SfP release,
Liaise with CCT training and communication release managers, CCT change agents, area managers and clients
Building effective relationships and negotiating with stakeholders and partners,
Evaluation of change outcomes, " (mycareer(2007), 7 August 2007)
"Change analysis - stakeholder analysis; change impact and gap analysis; training needs analysis
Planning for change- including communication action plans; changetransition plans; post-implementation review plans
Implementing change management actions, including: stakeholder engagement; development and delivery of communication material; reviewing and monitoring change uptake
Providing input to the Program Change Manager on the effectiveness of methodologies and strategies, and the identification and management of systemic issues across the program
Contributing as a member of the program change management team
Reporting to the program change manager on progress against assigned responsibilities."
Assess the impact of the change and prepare target audiences for the upcoming changes (mycareer.com.au, 7 August),
Provide guidance to the development of the model to manage and sustain the change (mycareer.com.au, 7 August)
Lead and mentor business subject matter experts (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
Manage communications, education and business alignment (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
Ensure staff are fully prepared for implementation of the system (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
Facilitate and drive interviews and workshops with relevant stakeholders (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
Document and present changes to business process in both graphical and written formats (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
Determine the correct path for changes and allocating priorities associated with changes (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Hold regular Change Advisory Board meetings with stakeholders (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Distributing agenda and informing CAB members of changes prior to meetings (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Ensuring that the correct approval process is followed for urgent changes (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Reviewing changes currently awaiting activity, and facilitate action (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Analysing change records to determine any possible trends or problems, suggest solutions (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Ensuring the correct documentation is in place to guarantee stakeholders take ownership of the changes (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Dealing with all IT change requests directly (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Producing accurate management reports on a regular basis (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Adhering to ITIL guidelines and FAL Change Management policies (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Leadership of the team responsible for planning and oversight of organisational change aspects of the Access Card programme. (DHS, 2007)
Provision of strategic advice and support in relation to organisational change. (DHS, 2007)
Stakeholder liaison, including working in close consultation with the Access Card Lead Advisor, Systems Integrator and the DHS agencies in developing Change Readiness Programs. (DHS, 2007)
Provide executive support including preparation of briefs and advice to the Minister and DHS Executives. (DHS, 2007)
Consider the impact of change in a demanding, people oriented environment and translate this in practical outcomes via the development and implementation of a change strategy. (DHS, 2007)
Represent the team and department on interdepartmental committees as required. (DHS, 2007)
Manage a small team including mentoring and skills development of junior staff. (DHS, 2007)
Identification and mitigation of Programme Issues and Risks including research, development and drafting Impact Assessments, Position Papers and Steering Committee Briefing Papers as required. (DHS, 2007)
Managing the change management life cycle to a successful completion (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Liaising and co-ordinating resources required to implement successful change to the customer environment(Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Managing customer and operational weekly group meetings (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Continuous process improvement of standardised processes(Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Ensuring quality assurance and technical reviews are implemented on all customer change requests(Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Ensuring customer approvals are obtained and technical peer reviews are completed successfully (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Delivering monthly statistical reports to the customer(Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Ensuring integrity of change management processes with the inclusion of relevant documentation to meet audit requirements (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Cleary demonstrate the need for change and articulate the vision (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
Eliminate resistance and achieve 'buy-in' from key stakeholders and employees (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
Identify change readiness including skills shortages (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
Implement clear and appropriate communication strategies to get cross organisational understanding of the project (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
Ensure lasting change through implementing strategies and modifications to the organisational framework (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)

Job requirements

Eligibility (for government role of change manager):

To be eligible to apply for these vacancies you must be an Australian citizen. If you are not an Australian citizen, but are eligible for citizenship, your application may be considered. (DHS, 2007)

Before engagement, successful applicants will be required to;

a) Undergo and be granted a security clearance

b) Undergo and meet the required standard of a medical clearance (DHS, 2007)

Skills & Experience:

Demonstrated experience in change management aspects of transformation projects (mycareer.com.au, 7 August; CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007),
Experience in all aspects of change including strategy, planning, implementation and training (mycareer.com.au, 7 August; CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007),
Skills and knowledge of change and project management disciplines, approaches, tools and methods (mycareer.com.au; CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007),
Specific experience in planning the transitions between projects and daily business (mycareer.com.au),
Experience in assessing and managing stakeholders (mycareer.com.au; CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007),
A proven track record of success in enabling others to participate in change (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
Previous government experience a distinct advantage (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007; CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007)
At least 2 years experience in a Change Management role (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Sound understanding of change processes and workflows (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
ITIL experience is preferable (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007), (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Knowledge of the IT environment and infrastructure (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007; CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007)
Experience with an IT outsourcing company (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Experience with the Action Remedy system (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Strong influencing and communication skills Previous experience in large enterprise wide ERP implementations (SAP/Oracle/PeopleSoft, etc). (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
Solid understanding of change management principals (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
Energy and enthusiasm (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
"Minimum 3 - 5 years experience in the role of change manager/ analyst, with a focus on engaging people in change(process, technology, organisational) (CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007)

Education:

Tertiary degree or equivalent in a related discipline (;CareerOne (2007), 20 August 2007)
ITIL foundations certificate
ITIL practitioners certificate in Change Management
Degree in Human Resource Organisation Psychology or similar (Careerbuilder.com, 16 August 2007)

Key Attributes:

Ability to work with little supervision, (mycareer(2007), 7 August 2007)
Demonstrated ability to work in a team (mycareer(2007), 7 August 2007), (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Ability to work flexibly in a changing environment, (mycareer(2007), 7 August 2007)
Highly developed research skills, and (mycareer(2007), 7 August 2007)
Outstanding written and oral communication skills (mycareer(2007), 7 August 2007), (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007) (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Quality Assurance (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Ability to engage with a variety of stakeholders at all levels, (Candle.com.au, 10 August, 2007)
Data Integrity (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Decision making skills (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Ability to enforce policy and process (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
Be able to work with minimal supervision, meet deadlines and be accountable (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Must have high level negotiation skills when working with operational groups and with the customer (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007
Interact with all levels of staff including technical and management (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
To have a proactive innovative mind set (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Experience in managing, presenting and conducting customer and internal operational group meetings at all levels of management. (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)

Technical Skills:

Microsoft Office Xp (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007)
MS Visio (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007), (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
MS Project (Seek.com.au, 8 August, 2007), (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Understanding of Windows 2000/XP Desktop Operating Systems (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
Broad understanding of LAN/WAN Networking (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
NT/Windows and Windows 2000 Server Operating Systems (Seek.com.au 19 August 2007)
ERP (Enterprise resource planning) software knowledge (SAP, Oracle, etc). (mycareer.com.au, 20 August, 2007; mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)

Classification

Executive Level 2 (DHS, 2007)

Salary

$93,342 - $106,429 per annum (DHS, 2007)
$850 - $900 per day (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
$750 per day (T.Otoole, personal communication, August 9 2007)
$87.50 average hourly bill rate (hotgigs.com, 20 August 2007)
$160,000 - $190,000 per annum (mycareer(2007), 20 August 2007)
$600 per day + super (CareerOne(2007), 20 August 2007)
Duration: 6 month initial contract, with possibility of extension (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007)
$45,000 minimum, $190,000 maximum, $99,775 average (Mycareer.com.au, 2006)
$160,000 - $190,000 neg. pkg OTE (mycareer.com.au, 21 August, 2007)
According to recruitment agency Hays, a 2007 salary survey of the Information Technology Sector for Australia and New Zealand produced the following results:

Change Manager
	Salary Range ($)
NSW-Sydney	120,000 (110,000-130,000)
VIC-Melbourne	100,000 (70,000-110,000)
QLD-Brisbane	100,000 (70,000-115,000)
SA-Adelaide	100,000 (75,000-115,000)
WA-Perth	100,000 (90,000-120,000)
ACT-Canberra	100,000 (75,000-110,000)

(Hays Specialist Recruitment, 2007)

Industry/Organisation

Large State Government department based in the CBD (admin.jobnet.com.au, 9 August 2007; CareerOne(2007), 20 August 2007)
Contract role, private sector (T.Otoole, personal communication, August 9 2007)
Department of Human Services (APSjobs, 2007)
Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries (Tranchida. Dept of Primary Industries & Fisheries, Queensland, 2006)

Job listings

CareerOne, (2007) Change Manager/Analyst. Hays Executive. Retrieved 20 August, 2007 from http://jobs.careerone.com.au/texis/jobsearch/details.html?id=46a9fd4d48d5c0&q=change%20manager&qMiles=15&qField=All&qCountry=Australia&qSort=smart&qMatch=all&pp=20&view=1&page=1

Mycareer.com.au, (2007). Change Manager for Clear Business Solutions. Retrieved 20 August, 2007 from
<http://mycareer.com.au/jobs/sydney/it-telecommunications/other-it-elecommunications/5338641+change+manager.aspx>

Department of Human Services, (2007) Organisational Change Manager. Retrieved 14 August, 2007 from http://www.humanservices.gov.au/careers/vacancies.html

Mycareer.com.au. (27 July, 2007). Change Manager - ITIL Implementation. Retrieved 13 August, 2007 from
http://mycareer.com.au/jobs/south-east-area-vic/it-telecommunications/project-management/5281357+change+manager+itil+implementation.aspx?style=enhanced&nbsp

Seek.com.au. (8 August, 2007). Change Manager. Retrieved 9 August, 2007 from http://it.seek.com.au/users/apply/index.ascx?Sequence=81&PageNumber=1&JobID=10148060&

Seek.com.au (19 August, 2007). Technical Change Manager. Retrieved 19 August from

http://it.seek.com.au/users/apply/index.ascx?Sequence=106&PageNumber=1&JobID=9995811

Mycareer.com.au (15 August, 2007). Change Manager. Retrieved 21 August, 2007 from

http://mycareer.com.au/jobs/sydney/it-telecommunications/other-it-telecommunications/5338641+change+manager.aspx

Differences observed

I have taken the time to look at the various job listings researched so far, a few observations can be made from this. Government roles provide a multitude of information including; the application process, details of the department offering the role, duties of the role, selection criteria, eligibility rules, concise salary and location details, the hierarchy of the environment etc. Roles for the private sectors are advertised with much less detail, only covering the key duties and requirements. The application process appears to be less time consuming, a simple email including your resume to start the application all that is required. The Government role requires referee reports, completed selection criteria, resume and application forms before your application will be accepted.

The brief description section should include a description of the role of a change manager. Not the text book definition of change management. In most organisations, change management would be a small department consisting of a team led by a change manager. It can also include communications experts, representatives from other parts of the business, trainers etc..

The description of change manager is very broad as it can be used to describe a multitude of roles. These roles can typically be broken down into two distinct categories, organisational change management and IT change management. Although these roles can use the same title they are very different in an operational enviroment. As the names suggest one will focus on business change management and the other on IT technical change managment. The description above has both skill sets described and therefore should be used with an open mind when looking at the skills required for a change manager.

Other References used

APSjobs, (2007) Organisational Change Manager. Retreived 14 August, 2007 from http://www.apsjobs.gov.au/SearchedNoticesView.aspx?Notices=10349966&tid=1&ru=%2fsearchresults.aspx%3fifm%3dtrue

Brown, C.V., Dehayes, D.W., Hoffer, A.J., Martin, E.W. & Perkins, W.C. (2005). Managing Information Technology Fifth Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education.

Department of Human Services, (2007) Organisational Change Manager. Retrieved 14 August, 2007 from http://www.humanservices.gov.au/careers/vacancies.html

Finite IT Recruitment Solutions, (2007) Change Manager (S8) - JG/SMA3587S8, Retreived 09 August from http://admin.jobnet.com.au/jobtools/JNCUSTOMSEARCH.viewFullSingle?in_organid=580&in_jnCounter=221280354&in_jobDate=All&in_version=&in_jobType=&in_position=change%20manager&in_residency=&in_graphic=&in_param=&in_orderby=&in_sessionid=&in_searchbox=YES&in_summary=S

Hays (2007) Sector Commentary Information Technology. Retrieved August 9, 2007, from CareerOne 2007 Web site: http://www.careerone.com.au/webdav/site/jobs/shared/salary_survey07/information_technology.pdf

Hotgigs (2007), Change Management Hourly Bill Rates, Retrieved 20 August from http://beta.hotgigs.com/rates/skill/Change-Management-hourly-consultant-bill-rates/

Microsoft Corporation (2007). Microsoft Security Glossary. Retrieved 21 August 2007 from http://www.microsoft.com/security/glossary.mspx

Mycareer, (2007) Change Manager. Retrieved 07 August, 2007 from <http://mycareer.com.au/jobs/canberra-act/executive/senior-management-board/5201339+change+manager.aspx>

MyCareer, (2007) Change Managers, Retrieved 07 August from http://mycareer.com.au/jobs/sydney/it-telecommunications/project-management/5311304+change+managers+day+risk+compliance+datawarehouse+projects+cbd+s.aspx?style=enhanced

[]Mycareer, (2007) Change Manager / Business Readiness Manager, Retreived 09 August from http://mycareer.com.au/jobs/melbourne/it-telecommunications/training/5214167+change+manager+business+readiness+manager.aspx?style=enhanced

Nickols, F. (2006). Change Management 101: A Primer. Retrieved 21 August 2007 from http://home.att.net/~nickols/change.htm  

Prosci. (2007) A Thirst for Change Leadership. Retrieved 07 August, 2007 from <http://www.change-management.com/tutorial-change-leadership-mod2.htm>

TechTarget, (2007) What is Change Management? Retrieved 20 August, 2007 from <http://searchsmb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci799426,00.html>

Tranchida, T (2006). Change management and industry adjustment (Dept of Primary Industries & Fisheries, Queensland). Retrieved 21 August 2007 from http://www.dpi.qld.gov.au/cps/rde/xchg/dpi/hs.xsl/16_1933_ENA_HTML.htm

Wikipedia. (2007) Change Manager. Retrieved 07 August, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_management
Wikipedia. (2007) Change Management. Retrieved 13 August, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_management Wikipedia. (2007) Change Management. Retrieved 21 August, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_management

Change manager

Table of Contents

Job Name

Brief description

Function

Duties & responsibilities of this role

Job requirements

Classification

Salary

Industry/Organisation

Job listings

Differences observed

Other References used

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